Carbon nanotubes were supposed to replace silicon. The Internet was supposed to route around failures. Both bets aged badly.
Kurzweil bet the 2020s would bring three-dimensional computing. He was right about the destination and wrong about the path.
Kurzweil bet the 2020s on carbon nanotubes. In mid-2024, Nantero quietly shut down. In Q4 2025, TSMC’s silicon nanosheet transistors entered volume production. The scoreboard is in.
Kurzweil predicted molecular computing as the sixth paradigm. What arrived was 3D-stacked silicon, reversible logic startups, and an AI power crisis nobody saw coming.