Kurzweil cited 1964 lower bounds as facts. By 2024 BB(5) had a machine-checked proof and BB(6) needed pentation notation.
Kurzweil’s 2005 defense of speech recognition got every claim right and the architecture wrong: HMMs lost to transformers, but the destination arrived bigger than promised.
Kurzweil bet machine-rights litigation would lead. Idaho and Utah passed statutes to block it. The cloud he expected to distribute concentrated instead.
Twenty years on, the anatomy survived. The grand cognitive theories did not.
Kurzweil called the curves on connectomics and brain decoding. He missed on the wires — optic nerve, spindle cells, and millisecond fMRI.
Twenty years after Kurzweil predicted gray goo, blue goo, and brain-replacing nanobots, the threat model evaporated and a different nanotech stack — DNA origami, monocyte-piggybacking implants, stentrode brain interfaces — quietly delivered the medicine he didn’t predict.
The NSA quietly patented a reversible-computing fluxon circuit in 2024. Vaire taped out a chip that recovers half its energy in 2025. Kurzweil predicted this twenty years ago — but the path looks different than he drew it.
Carbon nanotubes were supposed to replace silicon. The Internet was supposed to route around failures. Both bets aged badly.
Lanier said software was too brittle to scale. Twenty-one years later, transformers and evolutionary code search make the case for Kurzweil’s self-organizing bet.
Kurzweil bet that humor and claimed feelings would settle the consciousness debate by the 2030s. The capability arrived four years early. The debate did not end — it intensified.