Kurzweil bet the 2020s and 2030s would run on nanoengineered fuel cells. The 2024 book quietly dropped them. Solar, batteries, and power electronics took the decentralization story instead.
Solar modules really are about as cheap as newspaper. They just didn’t get there through Drexler’s molecular assemblers — they got there through Chinese silicon factories and perovskite tandems.
Kurzweil predicted nano-fuel cells and microwings. We got lithium-ion automotive packs and FAA Stage 4 type certification — same destination, wrong chemistry.
Kurzweil bet on hydrogen cars, microbial cells, and sonofusion in 2005. Silicon photovoltaics quietly won everything.
Solar got cheaper than Kurzweil dared predict. Then AI broke the demand-side story.
CATL, the world’s largest battery maker, has 12 US patents on perovskite solar cell fabrication. The manufacturing DNA is nearly identical. A 48,000-paper field is about to meet the factory floor.